Ethics, Australian Computer Society Code Of Ethics
School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne
Copyright University of Melbourne 2017-2022
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2022 – Semester 1 Week 9
Intended Learning Objectives
Ethics and Australian Computer Society Code Of Ethics.
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Incorrect Assumptions about Ethics in Computing
• Software engineers do not face ethical issues.
– They do.
– A survey of over 2300 members of the Australian Computing Society found many reported facing ethical problems in the workplace [1].
– There are both micro-ethics issues, and macro-ethics issues.
• In the everyday workplace, you are more likely to encounter micro-ethics issues.
• A problem is that we often only about the ‘big issues’.
• Ethics is common sense.
– It is not that simple.
– Different people may consider the same thing to be ethical or unethical.
[1] Al-Saggaf, Y., & Ceric, A. (2017). Bullying in the Australian ICT workplace: The views of Australian ICT professionals. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 21, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3127/ajis.v21i0.1322
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Why you should care about building skills and knowledge in ethics
• Graduates report often feeling ill-prepared to face ethical issues they encountered in the workplace [2].
• Graduates often have trouble recognising and navigating ethical dilemmas [3].
• Graduates often don’t meet employers expectations related to ethics [4].
[2] Culver, S. M., I. K. Puri, R. E. Wokutch, and V. Lohani. 2013. “Comparison of Engagement with Ethics Between an Engineering and a Business Program.” Science and Engineering Ethics 19 (2): 585–597. doi:10.1007/s11948-011-9346-3.
[3] Shuman, L. J., M. F. Sindelar, M. Besterfield-Sacre, H. Wolfe, R. L. Pinkus, R. L. Miller, B. M. Olds, and C. Mitcham. 2004. “Can Our Students Recognize and Resolve Ethical Dilemmas.” Paper presented at the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, June 20–23, Salt Lake City, Utah.
[4] Nair, C. S., Patil, A., & Mertova, P. (2009). Re-engineering graduate skills–a case study. European journal of engineering education, 34(2), 131-139.
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Ethics – What is it?
– Organisational ethics express the values of an organization to its employees and/or other entities irrespective of governmental and/or regulatory laws.
– Ethics are the principles and values used by an individual to govern his or her actions and decisions
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Ethics in organisations are important because:
• Satisfies Basic Human Needs: Being fair, honest and ethical is one the basic human needs. Every employee desires to be such himself and to work for an organization that is fair and ethical in its practices.
• Creates Credibility: An organisation that is believed to be driven by moral values is respected in the society.
• Unites People and Leadership: An organisation driven by values is revered by its employees also. They are the common thread that link all employees regardless of position.
• Set the basis for Decision Making:
• Long Term Gains: Organisations guided by ethics and values last and are profitable in the long run.
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Ethics are not only for the ‘big issues’
They inform our day-to-day interactions:
• How we treat our fellow colleagues.
• What information / resources can we use or take from work?
• Should we tell a work colleague a truth even though we know it will upset them?
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Questions to ask & consider before making a decision:
1. Would I be happy for this decision to be headlining the news tomorrow or be confronted with this in my work / friendship group?
2. Is there a universal rule that applies here?
3. Will the proposed course of action bring about a good result?
4. What would happen if everybody did this?
5. What will this proposed action do to my character or the character of my organisation?
6. Is the proposed course of action consistent with my values and principles?
Reference http://www.ethics.org.au/about/what-is-ethics
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Ethics – Your personal beliefs
An example:
Modern slavery encompasses slavery, servitude, the worst forms of child labour, forced labour, human trafficking, debt bondage, slavery like practices, forced marriage and deceptive recruiting for labour or services.
Many Australian businesses may be unaware of the risk that they have slavery in their business or supply chains.
Statistically, the incidence of modern slavery within Australia appears to be relatively low.
But it is likely that the statistics reflect a low level of awareness of the issues, and the actual incidence may be much higher, both domestically and overseas.
As at 2018, the Walk Free Foundation’s Global Slavery Index estimated:
• In excess of 40 million people globally are subject to some form of modern slavery and collectively approximately US$150 billion per year is generated in the global private economy from forced labour alone;
• ~25 million people (79% females) in Asia-Pacific Region are ‘enslaved’ (62 per cent of all people enslaved); and
• 15,000 people in Australia are enslaved. https://www.walkfree.org/projects/the-global-slavery-index/
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Australian Computer Society Code Of Ethics
1. The Primacy of Public Interest.
• You will place the interests of the public above those of personal, business or sectional
2. The Enhancement of Quality of Life.
• You will strive to enhance the quality of life of those affected by your work
3. Honest.
• You will be honest in your representation of skills, knowledge, services & products.
4. Competence.
• You will work competently and diligently for your stakeholders
5. Professional Development.
• You will enhance your own professional development, your colleagues & staff.
6. Professionalism.
• You will enhance the integrity of the ACS & the respect of its members for each other.
References: www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/rules-and-regulations/Code-of-Ethics.pdf www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/rules-and-regulations/Code-of-Professional-Conduct_v2.1.pdf
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There will be a Question added for Assignment 1. Details will be communicated soon.
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