Part A: Short Answer (50 marks)
For the following short answer questions, a text file called q1.txt has been provided for you to fill in your answers (in addition to this question sheet). Each question below is represented by a line in this text file, with an underscore character (¡°_¡±) that must be replaced with your answer.
For example, the examples below show what the contents of q1.txt might look like before and after you fill in your answers:
Before After
Copyright By PowCoder代写 加微信 powcoder
Here are a few things to keep in mind when filling out the answers to this question:
1. All letters should be lowercase, unless specified otherwise.
2. Once you have filled in all the answers, submit the text file through Markus (not Quercus).
3. Do not submit your answers as a Word file or PDF file. Make sure to view your text file with a
plain text editor before submitting your solution, to make sure the content is what you expect.
1. The output of a gate is 1 when connected to high voltage and 0 when connected to low
voltage. What letter is used to represent an output that isn¡¯t connected to anything? (1 mark) 2. True or False? The drift current in a pn junction never exceeds the diffusion current unless
an external voltage is applied. (1 mark)
3. True or False? As a pn-junction approaches equilibrium, the diffusion current approaches
zero. (1 mark)
4. True or False? When you get zapped with static electricity, it¡¯s because there¡¯s a higher
concentration of electrons in your body compared to the thing you touch. 5. True or False? Adding phosphorus to silicon creates a p-type material.
(1 mark) (1 mark)
Student Number: __________________ 2
(continued)
3. counter
6. Consider the semiconductor circuit on the right. In which direction will the current travel within the semiconductor material? (1 mark)
a) Current flows from left to right
b) Current flows from right to left
c) All of the above
d) None of the above
7. In a combinational circuit with 4 inputs, what is the maximum number of minterms that can have high output values without being able to group any minterms together? (1 mark)
8. Consider a combinational circuit with inputs A, B, C & D and output Y. If the output is high for all of the minterms, the expression for the output is Y = _____ . (1 mark)
9. True or False? Karnaugh maps always produce a unique and optimal solution. 10. Consider the circuit on the right. What is the gate cost of this C
circuit? (1 mark)
11. Considering this same circuit on the right, what is the gate B
cost plus NOTs for this circuit? (1 mark)
12. How many select bits are needed for a 9-to-1 mux? (1 mark)
13. What is the 8-bit signed binary representation of the decimal number -33? (1 mark) 14. What is the decimal representation of the signed binary number 10101010? (1 mark)
15. You¡¯re designing a FSM that starts in State 0, then iterates through State 1, State 2, etc… ending at State 32. What is the minimum number of flip-flops needed for this FSM? (1 mark)
16. What is the maximum number of states in a finite state machine with 2 inputs and 4 flip- flops? (1 mark)
17. What is the minimum number of states in a finite state machine with 2 inputs and 4 flip- flops? (1 mark)
18. Fill in the blank. A finite state machine where the output values are labeled on the state transitions is called a ________ machine. (1 mark)
Student Number: __________________ 3 (continued)
19. True or False? A clock with a frequency of 0.25 Hz is faster than a clock with a frequency of 25 Hz. (1 mark)
20. Which of the following best describes a ¡°race condition¡±? (1 mark)
a) Something that might increase a clock¡¯s frequency
b) Unpredictable behaviour when multiple signals change simultaneously c) Two signals writing values to a shared data bus at the same time
d) The plot of the next Fast & Furious sequel.
21. True or False? Writing to the memory unit is slower than all R-type operations. (1 mark) 22. True or False? Writing a new value to the program counter is slower than writing a new
value to the instruction register. (1 mark)
23. How many integers can be stored in a memory unit that uses 12 address bits, byte-
addressable memory, and a 32-bit architecture? (2 marks)
24. How many address bits are needed to specify a location in byte-addressable memory,
given a 4096 bit memory unit and a 64-bit architecture? (2 marks)
25. True or False? Booth¡¯s Algorithm will always perform faster than an accumulator circuit. (1
26. If the binary number 11110000 is the input to an 8-bit barrel shifter with a shift value of
4, what would the result be? (1 mark)
27. True or False? Using the assembly instruction sll on a negative number always results in
a non-negative number. (1 mark)
28. True or False? Using the assembly instruction sra on a negative number always results in
a non-negative number. (1 mark)
29. True or False? Using the assembly instruction srl on a negative number always results in
a non-negative number. (1 mark)
30. Which of the following is true about jump instructions? (1 mark)
a) The address the instruction jumps to has to be divisible by 3.
b) The address the instruction jumps to has to be divisible by 4.
c) The address the instruction jumps to has to be divisible by 6.
d) The address the instruction jumps to has to be divisible by 8.
e) None of the above.
Student Number: __________________ 4 (continued)
31. Which of the following assembly instructions sets RegDst to 1? Provide your answer as oneofa,b,cordhere. (2marks)
a) and b) bne c) sw d) jr
32. Which of the following assembly instructions sets RegDst to 0? Again, provide your
answer as one of a, b, c or d here. (2 marks)
a) add b) beq c) lw d) jal
33. True or False? If your assembly language function modifies the value in $s0, it must save that value onto the stack first. (1 mark)
34. True or False? If your assembly language function modifies the value in $t0, it must save that value onto the stack first. (1 mark)
35. If we store 0x12345678 at address 0x400000 using big endian, what hexadecimal value will end up in 0x400003? You might find the diagram below to be useful. (2 marks)
0x400000 0x400001 0x400002 0x400003
36. For this final question, perform Booth¡¯s Algorithm on operands A = 00110 and B = 11010. In the spaces provided as parts a) to f), provide the contents of P after each right shift of A and P in the algorithm. The initial value of P has been provided for you in part a). (10 marks)
Student Number: __________________ 5 (continued)
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