Age of Houses
• is a relatively ‘young’ country with houses being constructed from the late 1800’s.
• The following provides a brief overview of
a range of houses styles constructed from the late 1800’s. Please refer to course notes and materials for further information such as defects within each era.
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• Early Cottage
• Plain rectangular shape
with gable roof running parallel to the street.
• Roof pitch high and
• Lean-to added but later part of original design
• floor level low to the
• SquareVilla
• Oftenhiproofoffour equal parts
• Full width verandah with bull-nosed roof.
• Moreornamentation with eaves, brackets and fretwork around verandahs.
Early 1900 to 1910
• BayVilla
• Baywindow
• Separategableroofs set at one end or both ends of house
• Fullverandahs
• Increased ornamentation, leadlight windows
• EarlyBungalow
• Morefunctionalin terms of appearance
• Gablesandstud heights reduce
• Projectingrafters
• Casementwindows
• Improvementin internal services
Spanish Bungalow 1925 to 1940
• Plasterovertimber framed walls
• Parapetroof construction
• Bitumenroof
• ArtDecostyle
1940s – State House
• Tileroof
• Simplebutfunctional design
• Soundmaterials
• ‘Group’Housing schemes.
• Treatedtimber became mandatory
• Gradualshiftaway from plaster houses
• Weatherboard regained popularity
• Tileroofsdominate
• Greateraffluenceand introduction of various materials and styles
• Splitlevelhomes
• Boomerangshaped homes
• Polehouse
• “A”frames
• Longruniron
• Greaterrangeof architectural styles
• ‘A’ frame type houses and split-level style homes
• Garagesincorporated as an integral part of house
• Withawiderrangeof building materials and architectural styles, a large range of styles are constructed throughout this period.
• Rangeof‘offthe shelf’ design-and- build housing packages available.
• Mixed building materials
• Larger floor areas
• Integral garaging
• Again houses range from ‘off-the-shelf’ packages to architecturally designed masterpieces
Wide range of architectural styles and building materials
Plaster finish with little or no eaves popular (but providing unsuitable to NZ’s climate) – Leaky building syndrome
1900-1920’s – Summary Style: Defects:
• Early Cottages
• Square Villas
• Bay Villas Features:
• High studs
• Wide weatherboards
• Timber piles
• Horizontal base boards
• Rough lining on interior walls
• Double hung windows
• Central hallway
• Galvanised corrugated iron roofs (rust)
• Slipped roofs
• Decay in subloo
timber/external timbers • Timber piles
• Defective repiling
• No flashings to windows • Borer infestation
1920’s to 1940’s summary 1910-1935 1935-1943
• Early bungalow
• Bungalow-villa
• Bungalow Features:
• Less ostentation/more utility
• Gables/stud heights reduce
• Verandahs reduce
• Improvements to internal services Defects:
• Lower sweeping roofs
• Greater use of brick/stone
• Concrete foundations
• Narrow weatherboards
• Casement windows/leadlights
• Decay in sub floor/exterior timbers • Parapet roofs leak
• Plaster walls with no building
paper under as water barrier
• Spanish Bungalow
• Plaster over timber frame • Parapet roof
• Often bitumen roof
1950’s to 1990’s summary
• Tighter building controls
• Treated timber mandatory
• Tile roofs dominate
• Weatherboard and brick veneer
• Innovate architecture Defects:
• Weatherside breakdown
• Aluminium corrosion
• Treated timber piles
• Settlement cracks in brick
• Overcladding
• Wwater supply: rust in pipes/low
• Gully traps – suface flooding
1960 – 1990
• Greater affluence/variety of styles
• Split levels
• Boomerang shapes
• Modern spanish/mediterranean
• Pole houses
• ‘A’ frames
• Long run iron
• Built in basement garages
• Weatherside sheathing
• Aluminium joinery
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