ARC Future Fellow at The University of Melbourne Sessional Lecturer at Monash University
July 25, 2022
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 1 / 21
Copyright By PowCoder代写 加微信 powcoder
ECE5884 Wireless Communications Week 1: Overview of Wireless Communications
The evolution of wireless communications
Figure 1: Wireless journey from 1G to 6G (“G” means “generation”). http://ioarp.org/ioarp- admin- panel/upload/articles/1460357886_IDL- ICCN15- 011.pdf
Figure 2: Mobile subscriptions 1993–2021 https://www.statista.com/.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 2 / 21
The evolution of wireless capabilities
Figure 3: Key features of different Gs. https://github.com/emilbjornson/presentation_slides.
To achieve higher data transfer speeds (n Gbit/s to N Tbit/s).
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 3 / 21
The evolution of wireless capabilities
1 1G: purely analog systems; for making voice calls.
2 2G: the first digital cellular networks; improved sound quality, greater security and increased performance; Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE); TDMA-based GSM and CDMA W9 − W11✓.
3 3G: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS, 3GPP in 2001), CDMA2000;
4 4G: WiMAX and Long-Term Evolution (LTE); multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications W 9 − W 11✓.
5 5G: International Telecommunication Union’s IMT-2020 standard and 5G NR (5G New Radio); Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB); mmWave bands, Massive MIMO, Small cell, Beamforming, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), … W 9 − W 12✓.
6 6G: Smart wireless radio environment! W 11 − W 12✓.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 4 / 21
Global forecast
● Eg: Cisco Annual Internet Report (2018–2023) White Paper https://www.cisco. com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/executive- perspectives/annual- internet- report/white- paper- c11- 741490.html
● Nearly two-thirds of the global population will have Internet access by 2023. There will be 5.3 billion total Internet users (66% of global population) by 2023.
Figure 4: Global Internet user growth.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 5 / 21
Wireless …
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 6 / 21
Wireless communications
Figure 5: A simple point-to-point wireless communications system.
● Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points without the use of wires (base station, WiFi router, etc.).
● Digital: zeros and ones describe text, sound, image,video, etc
● Wireless transmission (Electromagnetic signals).
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 7 / 21
Data rate/Capacity/Throughput
(a) Water pipe. (b) Wireless data communication. Figure 6: Capacity
● Water flow: Diameter, surface, pressure, etc..
● Data flow:Tx power, wireless channel, additive noise, bandwidth, etc.
● Channel capacity C: The maximum rate at which information/data can be transmitted through a wireless communication channel.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 8 / 21
Wireless channel capacity
Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001) was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer known as a “father of information theory”.
Figure 7: Shannon.
● Shannon–Hartley theorem: the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted over a communications channel of a specified bandwidth in the presence of noise.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Shannon
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 9 / 21
Classic paper (1948)
● We do not know the Shannon capacity of most wireless channels. ● Shannon theory provides design insights and system performance
upper bounds.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 10 / 21
Shannon–Hartley theorem
The channel capacity C: the theoretical tightest upper bound on the information rate of data that can be communicated:
Pr C=Wlog2(1+WN ) bits/sec
● W : the bandwidth of the channel in Hz
● Pr : the average received signal power over the bandwidth in watts ● N0: the average noise power over the 1 Hz bandwidth
ToincreaseC:W ↑,Pr ↑andN0 ↓
Figure 8: Radio frequencies.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022
Cellular mobile communication 2G/3G
Figure 9: A cellular architecture: Geographic region divided into cell). Reuse: Spectrum is reused due to scarcity.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 12 / 21
Cellular mobile communication 2G/3G
Figure 10: A cellular communications architecture.
● Freq./timeslots/codes/space reused in different cells.
● Interference between cells using same channel.
● Base station coordinate handoff.
● Small cell size increases capacity, as well as complexity.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 13 / 21
Multiple antennas 4G
Pr n⋅Pr C=n⋅Wlog2(1+WN ) or C=Wlog2(1+WN ) (2)
Sending/receiving more than one data signal on the same radio channel at the same time via multipath propagation.
(a) Tx/Rx Multiple antennas. (b) MIMO. Figure 11: Different antenna configurations.
Smart antenna techniques: Beamforming and diversity.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 14 / 21
The 2010 Communication Theory Workshop
https://ctw2010.ieee- ctw.org/tues/plenary- CommTheoryDev- BestBehindOrAhead.pdf
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 15 / 21
Current and future wireless networks (E.g., Smart cities) involve many aspects of daily life including e-businesses, intelligent transportation, telemedicine, …
Figure 12: 4G to 5G and Beyond wireless network.
Source: T. Han, et al. “5G Converged Cell-Less Communications in Smart Cities,” in IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 44-50, March 2017.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 16 / 21
5G capabilities
5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.
Figure 13: 4G to 5G https://www.iasgyan.in/blogs/the-evolution-of-5g-technology.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 17 / 21
Area throughput is highly relevant performance metric.
Figure 14: Big Picture – 5G and Beyond.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 18 / 21
5G technologies
(a) Cell density.
(b) Massive MIMO.
(c) mmWave.
Figure 15: Different 5G technologies.
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 19 / 21
Course outline
● Week 2: Wireless Channel (Path Loss and Shadowing) ● Week 3: Wireless Channel Models
● Week 4: Capacity of Wireless Channels
● Week 5: Digital Modulation and Detection
● Week 6: Performance Analysis
● Week 7: Equalization
● Week 8: Multicarrier Modulation (OFDM)
● Week 9: Diversity Techniques
● Week 10: Multiple-Antenna Systems (MIMO Communications) ● Week 11: Multiuser Systems
● Week 12: Guest Lecture (Emerging 5G/6G Technologies)
ECE5884 Wireless Communications @ Monash Uni. July 25, 2022 20 / 21
Thank You! See you again
程序代写 CS代考 加微信: powcoder QQ: 1823890830 Email: powcoder@163.com