Logistics: I’ll email you the exam questions at 3:35. The exam is designed so that you can complete it in 50 minutes, but I’ll give you until 9 PM to email your answers back to me. This is an open-book, open-note exam. I give you 3 short essay questions, you pick 2 to answer. Your answers should be several substantial paragraphs long. Each is worth 50%. Everything we’ve studied this semester is fair game, EXCEPT the two chapters I assigned from An Introduction to Moral Philosophy by . (I haven’t talked about that material with you yet). Questions will probably involve more than one philosopher or concept. I might give you a particular moral situation or dilemma and ask what you think a philosopher or philosophers would do or say about that situation. Or I might ask you to contrast the ideas of one philosopher with another.
Final exam: Friday 16 December. 9:00 – 10:00, our normal lecture room, School of Theology room B19
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Just like the midterm, I will give you 3 short essay questions, you pick 2 to answer. Your answers should be several substantial paragraphs long. Each is worth 50%.
The exam period is 60 minutes.
The exam will cover the following thinkers and topics: Hobbes, La Rochefoucauld, Rousseau, Hume, Kant, Wollstonecraft, Bentham, Mill, Utilitarianism, . I won’t ask you anything about Augustine. I won’t ask you about anything that I did not go over in class. I won’t ask about anything we covered before the midterm. However, if you want to mention philosophies like Epicureanism or Stoicism or thinkers like Socrates or Aristotle, feel free.
Each question will probably involve more than one philosopher or concept. I might give you a particular moral situation or dilemma and ask what you think a philosopher or philosophers would do or say about that situation. Or I might ask you to contrast the ideas of one philosopher with another.
I’m looking for you to show me: how much you’ve learned; how well and carefully you’ve read all the assignments; how precisely and thoroughly you can explain each ethical position.
Precision, specificity, examples, and specifics will always get a higher score than vagueness, generalities, or doing the bare minimum to answer the question and no more.
Don’t make it sound as if you’ve only listened to me talk in class but haven’t read the texts. Demonstrate to me that you’ve done both. Show off how much you’ve learned.
Write out your answers in complete sentences and paragraphs.
Be particularly sure you understand and can write accurately about the following very important ideas and terms:
Kant’s Categorical Imperative
Kant’s ideas of the “Good Will” and the “natural dialectic”
amour propre (La Rochefoucauld and Rousseau use the term differently)
amour de soi
the “state of nature” in Hobbes and – and Rule-Utilitarianism
Deontology and Consequentialism
Hume’s explanation of how sympathy creates moral judgments
Wollstonecraft’s criticism of Rousseau and the idea of “masculine” and “feminine” virtues
Mill’s disagreement with Bentham about the concepts of pleasure and happiness
La Rochefoucauld’s rejection of Stoicism
Writing the paper will be very good practice for the final. (My students always tell me that!).
Slideshows on Blackboard to study:
1. La Rochefoucauld
2. Rousseau
7. Bentham, Mill and Utilitarianism
Sample questions:
1. What judgment do you think Kant would make about the morality of ’s decision to execute ? Would he approve of Vere’s decision or object to it? Fully explain your reasoning with specific references to the film and to Kant’s ideas.
2. Contrast Hobbes’s and Rousseau’s ideas about human nature and morality. Make specific reference to ideas from the Discourse on Inequality.
3. Discuss the differences between Hume’s and Kant’s views on reason and morality. Make specific reference to concepts that I went over in class.
4. Jen, who has three young children, secretly reads her spouse Alan’s private texts and emails to make sure he’s not having affairs (he’s had an affair in the past and been caught). What do you think A) Kant and B) an Act-Utilitarian might say about the morality of Jen’s behavior? Fully explain your reasoning.
4. A 13-year-old contestant in a national spelling bee spells a word incorrectly, but is misheard by the judges, who allow her to advance to the next round. During a break, the contestant approaches the judges and tells them that she actually misspelled the word. She is eliminated. She tells the judges that she “didn’t want to feel like a slime”. She is widely praised for her “heroic” honesty. What would A) La Rochefoucauld, B) Kant, and C) Hume say about the contestant’s moral choice?
5. Adam took care of his uncle James during the last weeks of his fatal illness. Just before he died, James told Adam the location of $40,000 in cash that he’d saved up. He asked Adam to promise to donate the cash to the Flat Earth Society. Adam swore that he would, but after James died, Adam instead donated the money to a local hunger relief charity. What do you think A) a Kantian, B) an Act-Utilitarian, and C) a Rule-Utilitarian might say about the morality of Adam’s action?
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