Essential Questions:
How does gymnema tea effect the signal transduction pathways associated with the taste of various foods?•
How does gymnema tea effect the regulation of blood sugar levels in the body?•
Copyright By PowCoder代写 加微信 powcoder
TOTAL POINTS for this LAB = 24 points
Procedure:
Brew some Gymnema tea by putting a tea bag (or loose-leaf version of this tea) in hot water for a few minutes
Mr. Lynch may do this for you in classa.
Taste each food item and rate them for the perception of sweet, sour, bitter, and salt taste on a scale from 0 to
10. A rating of “0” represents no perceived taste, a rating of “10” represents a very intense taste. Taste and rate
all the foods before drinking the tea.
Pour a small amount of Gymnema tea in a cup.3.
Swirl the tea in your mouth for about 10 seconds. You may swallow it or spit it out.4.
Taste the same foods again after drinking the tea and rate them.5.
Record your results in the table below (4 points)6.
Food Sweet Sour Salty Bitter
Potato Chip
Before 2.5
Artificial Sweetener
Sugar (sucrose)
Before 5.5
Dark chocolate
Before 0.5 4
Sour Patch Kids
Before 3 5
Before 3 0.5
Part 1 Analysis Questions: The Mouth
Based on the data you collected on yourself, what observations can you make about the effect of
Gymnema sylvestre on the sense of taste? Which type(s) of taste does the tea alter? (1 point)
How might Gymnema affect taste sensation on the tongue? Your response to this question is not
graded on accuracy. Use the diagram below of a taste bud to draw your answer (HINT – using the draw
tools in OneNote may be the easiest) (2 points):
For each food, compare your before and after tea answers (3 points):
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were not affected by Gymnema tea?a.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were eliminated by Gymnema tea?b.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were changed by Gymnema tea? In what way?c.
Watch this video starting at 19 seconds. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the
Compare the structures of Gymnema (left), sucrose, and glucose (right). What do you notice? (2
How might the structure of Gymnema be related to how it works to take away the taste of sweetness?
(2 points)
Read the article “Mechanism of Action of Gymnemic Acids.” Based on this reading and the video from
Q#4, create a new model explaining how gymnema affects the taste receptors of the tongue (2 points)
What are possible medical uses for gymnema? (1 point)8.
Part 2 Analysis Questions: The Gut
Gymnema tea has is being studied as a treatment for type II diabetes. Here is a diagram that help
describe how blood sugar is regulated in the body. Diabetes interferes by preventing the body from
being able to produce insulin (but the body still makes glucagon)
Gymnema tea has effects both on taste buds in the mouth and on the lumen on the intestines. Using
the article above as a guide, propose a model for how gymnemic acid keeps glucose from entering the
blood by making a sketch below (2 points)
Watch this video. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the video? (1 point)10.
Gymnema tea has been used as a “glucose blocker” in India for many years and is a molecule of
interest by drug development companies. However, there is not yet enough evidence for it to be
approved by the FDA as a treatment for type 2 diabetes.
The literature suggests a few mechanisms for Gymnema to work as a treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Using evidence from this lesson, choose one hypothesis to defend that you think provides the best
explanation and explain why. How would you test the hypothesis you chose? (3 points)
NOTE: All three of these hypotheses are areas of active research and there is no one correct hypothesis
at this time
Hypothesis 1: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors in the gut. This keeps glucose transporters from being
expressed on the surface of the cells so glucose is delayed entering those cells, and the blood stream. Glucose is
Hypothesis 2: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors on the tongue. When a person does not sense
sweetness, they are less likely to eat sweet foods. Diabetes is controlled by reducing dietary sugar.
Hypothesis 3: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors in the pancreas. The pancreas is stimulated to release
insulin, which helps glucose leave the blood and enter the cells where it is used for energy.
Sugar is detected in the body by specialized sensory cells.
These cells perceive the chemical structures of our food and transmit that information to our brains. Both sugar
and artificial sweeteners stimulate these sensory cells, called taste receptors. When the taste receptors are
activated, the cell responds by sending a message through signal transduction pathways. This multi-step
pathway causes neurotransmitters to be released, which trigger neighboring nerve cells to alert the brain to the
sweet taste. YUM!
What happens if the detection system is disrupted, like after eating or drinking Gymnema?
There are many places along the pathway where the signal can be disrupted. Gymnema is a long molecule with a
glucose-shaped structure at one end. It is likely that the Gymnema molecule blocks the taste receptors without
triggering them. With the blockage, glucose and other sweeteners cannot enter the receptors. With no signal
perception at the receptor, the signal pathway is disrupted. The brain never receives the YUM!
From
Signal Transduction w/ Gymnema Tea
Sunday, January 8, 2023 7:07 PM
Essential Questions:
How does gymnema tea effect the signal transduction pathways associated with the taste of various foods?•
How does gymnema tea effect the regulation of blood sugar levels in the body?•
TOTAL POINTS for this LAB = 24 points
Procedure:
Brew some Gymnema tea by putting a tea bag (or loose-leaf version of this tea) in hot water for a few minutes
Mr. Lynch may do this for you in classa.
Taste each food item and rate them for the perception of sweet, sour, bitter, and salt taste on a scale from 0 to
10. A rating of “0” represents no perceived taste, a rating of “10” represents a very intense taste. Taste and rate
all the foods before drinking the tea.
Pour a small amount of Gymnema tea in a cup.3.
Swirl the tea in your mouth for about 10 seconds. You may swallow it or spit it out.4.
Taste the same foods again after drinking the tea and rate them.5.
Record your results in the table below (4 points)6.
Food Sweet Sour Salty Bitter
Potato Chip
Before 2.5
Artificial Sweetener
Sugar (sucrose)
Before 5.5
Dark chocolate
Before 0.5 4
Sour Patch Kids
Before 3 5
Before 3 0.5
Part 1 Analysis Questions: The Mouth
Based on the data you collected on yourself, what observations can you make about the effect of
Gymnema sylvestre on the sense of taste? Which type(s) of taste does the tea alter? (1 point)
How might Gymnema affect taste sensation on the tongue? Your response to this question is not
graded on accuracy. Use the diagram below of a taste bud to draw your answer (HINT – using the draw
tools in OneNote may be the easiest) (2 points):
For each food, compare your before and after tea answers (3 points):
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were not affected by Gymnema tea?a.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were eliminated by Gymnema tea?b.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were changed by Gymnema tea? In what way?c.
Watch this video starting at 19 seconds. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the
Compare the structures of Gymnema (left), sucrose, and glucose (right). What do you notice? (2
How might the structure of Gymnema be related to how it works to take away the taste of sweetness?
(2 points)
Read the article “Mechanism of Action of Gymnemic Acids.” Based on this reading and the video from
Q#4, create a new model explaining how gymnema affects the taste receptors of the tongue (2 points)
What are possible medical uses for gymnema? (1 point)8.
Part 2 Analysis Questions: The Gut
Gymnema tea has is being studied as a treatment for type II diabetes. Here is a diagram that help
describe how blood sugar is regulated in the body. Diabetes interferes by preventing the body from
being able to produce insulin (but the body still makes glucagon)
Gymnema tea has effects both on taste buds in the mouth and on the lumen on the intestines. Using
the article above as a guide, propose a model for how gymnemic acid keeps glucose from entering the
blood by making a sketch below (2 points)
Watch this video. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the video? (1 point)10.
Gymnema tea has been used as a “glucose blocker” in India for many years and is a molecule of
interest by drug development companies. However, there is not yet enough evidence for it to be
approved by the FDA as a treatment for type 2 diabetes.
The literature suggests a few mechanisms for Gymnema to work as a treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Using evidence from this lesson, choose one hypothesis to defend that you think provides the best
explanation and explain why. How would you test the hypothesis you chose? (3 points)
NOTE: All three of these hypotheses are areas of active research and there is no one correct hypothesis
at this time
Hypothesis 1: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors in the gut. This keeps glucose transporters from being
expressed on the surface of the cells so glucose is delayed entering those cells, and the blood stream. Glucose is
Hypothesis 2: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors on the tongue. When a person does not sense
sweetness, they are less likely to eat sweet foods. Diabetes is controlled by reducing dietary sugar.
Hypothesis 3: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors in the pancreas. The pancreas is stimulated to release
insulin, which helps glucose leave the blood and enter the cells where it is used for energy.
Sugar is detected in the body by specialized sensory cells.
These cells perceive the chemical structures of our food and transmit that information to our brains. Both sugar
and artificial sweeteners stimulate these sensory cells, called taste receptors. When the taste receptors are
activated, the cell responds by sending a message through signal transduction pathways. This multi-step
pathway causes neurotransmitters to be released, which trigger neighboring nerve cells to alert the brain to the
sweet taste. YUM!
What happens if the detection system is disrupted, like after eating or drinking Gymnema?
There are many places along the pathway where the signal can be disrupted. Gymnema is a long molecule with a
glucose-shaped structure at one end. It is likely that the Gymnema molecule blocks the taste receptors without
triggering them. With the blockage, glucose and other sweeteners cannot enter the receptors. With no signal
perception at the receptor, the signal pathway is disrupted. The brain never receives the YUM!
From
Signal Transduction w/ Gymnema Tea
Sunday, January 8, 2023 7:07 PM
Essential Questions:
How does gymnema tea effect the signal transduction pathways associated with the taste of various foods?•
How does gymnema tea effect the regulation of blood sugar levels in the body?•
TOTAL POINTS for this LAB = 24 points
Procedure:
Brew some Gymnema tea by putting a tea bag (or loose-leaf version of this tea) in hot water for a few minutes
Mr. Lynch may do this for you in classa.
Taste each food item and rate them for the perception of sweet, sour, bitter, and salt taste on a scale from 0 to
10. A rating of “0” represents no perceived taste, a rating of “10” represents a very intense taste. Taste and rate
all the foods before drinking the tea.
Pour a small amount of Gymnema tea in a cup.3.
Swirl the tea in your mouth for about 10 seconds. You may swallow it or spit it out.4.
Taste the same foods again after drinking the tea and rate them.5.
Record your results in the table below (4 points)6.
Food Sweet Sour Salty Bitter
Potato Chip
Before 2.5
Artificial Sweetener
Sugar (sucrose)
Before 5.5
Dark chocolate
Before 0.5 4
Sour Patch Kids
Before 3 5
Before 3 0.5
Part 1 Analysis Questions: The Mouth
Based on the data you collected on yourself, what observations can you make about the effect of
Gymnema sylvestre on the sense of taste? Which type(s) of taste does the tea alter? (1 point)
How might Gymnema affect taste sensation on the tongue? Your response to this question is not
graded on accuracy. Use the diagram below of a taste bud to draw your answer (HINT – using the draw
tools in OneNote may be the easiest) (2 points):
For each food, compare your before and after tea answers (3 points):
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were not affected by Gymnema tea?a.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were eliminated by Gymnema tea?b.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were changed by Gymnema tea? In what way?c.
Watch this video starting at 19 seconds. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the
Compare the structures of Gymnema (left), sucrose, and glucose (right). What do you notice? (2
How might the structure of Gymnema be related to how it works to take away the taste of sweetness?
(2 points)
Read the article “Mechanism of Action of Gymnemic Acids.” Based on this reading and the video from
Q#4, create a new model explaining how gymnema affects the taste receptors of the tongue (2 points)
What are possible medical uses for gymnema? (1 point)8.
Part 2 Analysis Questions: The Gut
Gymnema tea has is being studied as a treatment for type II diabetes. Here is a diagram that help
describe how blood sugar is regulated in the body. Diabetes interferes by preventing the body from
being able to produce insulin (but the body still makes glucagon)
Gymnema tea has effects both on taste buds in the mouth and on the lumen on the intestines. Using
the article above as a guide, propose a model for how gymnemic acid keeps glucose from entering the
blood by making a sketch below (2 points)
Watch this video. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the video? (1 point)10.
Gymnema tea has been used as a “glucose blocker” in India for many years and is a molecule of
interest by drug development companies. However, there is not yet enough evidence for it to be
approved by the FDA as a treatment for type 2 diabetes.
The literature suggests a few mechanisms for Gymnema to work as a treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Using evidence from this lesson, choose one hypothesis to defend that you think provides the best
explanation and explain why. How would you test the hypothesis you chose? (3 points)
NOTE: All three of these hypotheses are areas of active research and there is no one correct hypothesis
at this time
Hypothesis 1: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors in the gut. This keeps glucose transporters from being
expressed on the surface of the cells so glucose is delayed entering those cells, and the blood stream. Glucose is
Hypothesis 2: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors on the tongue. When a person does not sense
sweetness, they are less likely to eat sweet foods. Diabetes is controlled by reducing dietary sugar.
Hypothesis 3: Gymnema blocks the T1R2+T1R3 receptors in the pancreas. The pancreas is stimulated to release
insulin, which helps glucose leave the blood and enter the cells where it is used for energy.
Sugar is detected in the body by specialized sensory cells.
These cells perceive the chemical structures of our food and transmit that information to our brains. Both sugar
and artificial sweeteners stimulate these sensory cells, called taste receptors. When the taste receptors are
activated, the cell responds by sending a message through signal transduction pathways. This multi-step
pathway causes neurotransmitters to be released, which trigger neighboring nerve cells to alert the brain to the
sweet taste. YUM!
What happens if the detection system is disrupted, like after eating or drinking Gymnema?
There are many places along the pathway where the signal can be disrupted. Gymnema is a long molecule with a
glucose-shaped structure at one end. It is likely that the Gymnema molecule blocks the taste receptors without
triggering them. With the blockage, glucose and other sweeteners cannot enter the receptors. With no signal
perception at the receptor, the signal pathway is disrupted. The brain never receives the YUM!
From
Signal Transduction w/ Gymnema Tea
Sunday, January 8, 2023 7:07 PM
Essential Questions:
How does gymnema tea effect the signal transduction pathways associated with the taste of various foods?•
How does gymnema tea effect the regulation of blood sugar levels in the body?•
TOTAL POINTS for this LAB = 24 points
Procedure:
Brew some Gymnema tea by putting a tea bag (or loose-leaf version of this tea) in hot water for a few minutes
Mr. Lynch may do this for you in classa.
Taste each food item and rate them for the perception of sweet, sour, bitter, and salt taste on a scale from 0 to
10. A rating of “0” represents no perceived taste, a rating of “10” represents a very intense taste. Taste and rate
all the foods before drinking the tea.
Pour a small amount of Gymnema tea in a cup.3.
Swirl the tea in your mouth for about 10 seconds. You may swallow it or spit it out.4.
Taste the same foods again after drinking the tea and rate them.5.
Record your results in the table below (4 points)6.
Food Sweet Sour Salty Bitter
Potato Chip
Before 2.5
Artificial Sweetener
Sugar (sucrose)
Before 5.5
Dark chocolate
Before 0.5 4
Sour Patch Kids
Before 3 5
Before 3 0.5
Part 1 Analysis Questions: The Mouth
Based on the data you collected on yourself, what observations can you make about the effect of
Gymnema sylvestre on the sense of taste? Which type(s) of taste does the tea alter? (1 point)
How might Gymnema affect taste sensation on the tongue? Your response to this question is not
graded on accuracy. Use the diagram below of a taste bud to draw your answer (HINT – using the draw
tools in OneNote may be the easiest) (2 points):
For each food, compare your before and after tea answers (3 points):
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were not affected by Gymnema tea?a.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were eliminated by Gymnema tea?b.
Which (if any) foods’ flavors were changed by Gymnema tea? In what way?c.
Watch this video starting at 19 seconds. How similar was your model to the pathway described in the
Compare the structures of Gymnema (left), sucrose, and glucose (right). What do you notice? (2
How might the structure of Gymnema be related to how it works to take
程序代写 CS代考 加微信: powcoder QQ: 1823890830 Email: powcoder@163.com