Famous (and infamous) Information Visualisation examples
• Gallery of Data Visualisation: https://www.datavis.ca/gallery/
• infoviz.info: https://www.infovis.info/
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– The Visual Display of Quantitative Information: “statistical graphics, charts, tables”
– Envisioning Information: “high-dimensional complex data”
– Visual Explanations: Images and Quantities, Evidence and
Narrative: “pictures of verbs”
– Beautiful Evidence: “how seeing turns into showing”
– Seeing with Fresh Eyes: Meaning, Space, Data, Truth : “deeper level of wisdom and wider realm of inquiry.”
Weather in 1980
Times (Jan. 11, 1981, p. 32); Tufte (1983, p. 30)
daily temperature
(area filled between high and low)
normal high/low
relative humidity
Weather in 1980
Times (Jan. 11, 1981, p. 32); Tufte (1983, p. 30)
1100 1250 1334 1470 1574
Washburne, J. N. (1927). An experimental study of various graphic, tabular, and textual
methods of presenting quantitative material.
1100 1250 1334 1470 1574
Washburne, J. N. (1927). An experimental study of various graphic, tabular, and textual
methods of presenting quantitative material.
Income from Florentine traders in silk, wool and cloth,
in the years 1100, 1175, 1438
Washburne, J. N. (1927). An experimental study of various graphic, tabular, and textual
methods of presenting quantitative material.
Napoleon’s failed Russian campaign of 1812 ( , 1861)
Tufte (1983), p. 41
Polish/Russian border (422K, 10K)
auxiliary troops
Moscow (100K)
temperature on return
Berezina river
Napoleon’s failed Russian campaign of 1812 ( , 1861)
Tufte (1983), p. 41
DIAGRAM REPRESENTING THE MORTALITY IN THE HOSPITALS
AT SCUTARI AND KULALI FROM OCTR 1ST 1854 TO SEPTR 30TH 1855
commons.wikimedia.org
Effect of Sanitation
Dotted area: average annual Mortality in the Military Hospitals in and near London – 20.9 per 1000 sick as given by the Registrar General for 1854
Black wedges: mortality per 1000 of sick treated in the Hospitals at Scurati and Kumail in 1854-1855
Data from October 1st 1854 to September 30th 1855
Or we could look at the same data like this…
Oct1- Oct 14
Oct 15– Nov 12
Nov 12– Dec 9
Dec 10– Jan 6
Jan 7– Jan 31
Feb 1 – Feb 28
Feb 29– Mar 17
Mar 18 – April 7
April 8– April 28
April 29 – May 19
May 20 – June 9
June 10 – June 30
July 1 – Sept 29
http://blobthescientist.blogspot.com/2013/08/the-lady-of-coxcomb.html
Preventable deaths
Snow, J. (1855). On the Mode of Communication of Cholera. (secondary source)
Snow, J. (1855). On the Mode of Communication of Cholera. (secondary source)
Snow, J. (1855). On the Mode of Communication of Cholera. (secondary source)
https://www.datavis.ca/gallery/historical.php
Overlay with Voronoi polygons
https://www.datavis.ca/gallery/historical.php
The Lie factor
Lie factor = size of effect shown in graphic size of effect in data
Tufte (1983), p. 57
1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Increase in the value of the fuel economy standard over time Most recent years first
Suggests a very high increase
Tufte (1983), p. 57
1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Numerical increase: from 18m/g to 27.5m/g (53%) Line length increase: from 0.6in to 5.3in (738%)
1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Numerical increase: from 18m/g to 27.5m/g (53%) Line length increase: from 0.6in to 5.3in (738%) Suggests increase has been greater than it has
Lie factor = 783/53=14.8
Washington Post, https://www.datavis.ca/gallery/lie-factor.php
Doctors’ salaries
Technicians’ salaries
Plotting the raw numbers
Difference between years on the x-axis: 8,3,4,8,2,2,3,2,1,1,1,1
A “Rubber band scale”
Plotting the raw numbers
Plotting the raw numbers
Consistent time scale
Cornell University’s Tuition
Ithaca Times, Dec 7, 2000; http://euclid.psych.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/context.html
Cornell University’s ranking
Cornell University’s Tuition
Students are paying more for less!
Ithaca Times, Dec 7, 2000; http://euclid.psych.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/context.html
Cornell University’s ranking
Tuition fees – over 35 years
Ranking – over 11 years
http://euclid.psych.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/context.html
Chart Junk
Stuff that obscures the real information in the interests of ‘prettiness’
The use of unnecessary data-ink
Tufte (1983), p. 41
Moire’ effect: “the design interacts with the physiological tremor of the eye to produce the distracting appearance of vibration and movement”
Tufte (1983), p. 107
Age structure of college enrolment, showing percent of total enrolment
25 and over
Age structure of college enrolment, showing percent of total enrolment
25 and over
Bateman et al., (2010), “Useful Junk?”, CHI
Anscombe’s quartet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe’s_quartet
variance (x)
to 2 decimal places
variance (y)
correlation between x and y
to 3 decimal places
linear regression line
y = 3.00 + 0.500x
to 2 and 3 decimal places, resp.
to 2 decimal places
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe’s_quartet
Anscombe’s quartet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe’s_quartet
Datasaurus Video
Matejka, J. & Fitzmaurice, G. (2017). Same stats, different graphs, CHI, 2017 https://www.r-bloggers.com/2017/05/the-datasaurus-dozen/
Famous (and infamous) Information Visualisation examples
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