Professional IS
Consulting
Week 2 Presentation Skills
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• Quick quiz
• What is the role of the consultant?
• A) problem solver
• B) advisor
• C) implementer
• D) coach
• E) best friend
• F) subject-matter expert
• A Framework for Understanding the
Communication Cycle in Presentations
• Presentation Mechanics: HumanE
Presentations
• Transformational Presentations: Magic
Ingredients to Create Change
• The Non-Verbal Dimension to Presentations
• The Audience in Presentations
• Presentation Design
• Preparing to Present
• Exercise: Elevator Pitch!
What is the most difficult message
you had to convey? Why?
Good vs Bad
Presentation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8eLdbKXGzk.
Think about the most boring
presentation you’ve ever had
to sit through.
In your opinion, what made it
Before doing a presentation
• Must we do a presentation? Can we achieve our goals a
better way?
• How about an email followed by a phone conversation
• Presentations require considerable time and effort so
only do it if you must
A Cyclical
Framework for
Communication
HumanE Presentations
Recall that boring presentation!
What was the presenter feeling? Was it nerve-wracking?
What was the audience feeling? Was it excruciating? Embarassing?
Biggest challenge?
•Can I sit through the presentation without falling asleep (or losing the will to
These are inhumane experiences, we want to make it humane!
Note: boring presentations make people unhappy and uncomfortable which
means they won’t engage and remember the information
How can we avoid inflicting suffering on our audience? Not because we are trying
to be nice but because we want our presentation to be effective!
The Mechanics of
Presentations
• Break into manageable units of information
• Because humans can’t pay attention for long periods otherwise their minds will wander and
they will lose focus. By breaking up the information you enable audience to build
understanding piece by piece – which allows for focus to be sustained over longer periods of
• Break your presentation into logical sections of content – e.g., 3 to 4 chunks of information
per hour with two to three important pieces of information in each chunk
• Mix delivery mode, information type, presentation technique, presenter but align to outcome
• Find a different way to present each section of information so you keep engagement high
• First: background; second; news bulletins; third: photographs and video
• Second: audience analyses some data as part of group exercise;
• Third: powerpoint slides presenting some critical information
• Fourth: switch presenters, talking about what happens next
• What: Pause frequently during presentation so audience can absorb
information
• Why: humans can’t read and listen effectively at the same time, pausing
gives you chance to think about and prepare how to deliver new
information, don’t use ‘umm’ as it kills audience’s confidence in you
• How: If you hand out paperwork, give them time to assess whether to read
or not and perhaps skim, don’t keep going while audience is trying to read
documents as they can’t listen and read at the same time
• Every time you put up a slide, pause to let your audience read / process
• Unless you are trying deliberately to put all the material on slides (e.g. for
examination purposes as I am doing here), you should avoid reading what’s
on the slide as audience will do one, not both
• What: Give people time to process each new segment or piece of
information
• Why: Simply hearing your ideas is not enough, they need to time to think
about it, reflect on it, and connect to their own experiences
• How: Look at the key messages you want to deliver and the audience to
remember, then find a way for them to process this
• Methods of processing:
• Get audience to talk amongst each other so they understand content
• Get your audience to reflect
• Get your audience to write down their thoughts
• Get your audience to give examples of how the content applies to their
circumstances
• Build processing time into presentations
• Enable audience to make connections and contextualize information so it is real,
relevant and memorable
• For information to be real, relevant and memorable, the audience must be able to
create connections and develop context
• Tie the information to something relevant to the audience otherwise hard to
• Explain context, why does your audience need to know about this?
• How will my content benefit the audience? How can it help them be more successful
in their role? What if they don’t understand this information? What ‘s the impact?
• Audience must always see relevance of what you are saying in relation to their
• Create an environment or atmosphere that enables the audience to receive and digest the
presentation
• When human beings are comfortable (socially, emotionally, mentally, physically) they are in
the best possible state to take in, process and retain information
• Barriers: boredom, stress, embrassment, discomfort, etc. – these encourage audience to
disagree or disengage
• Multiple factors:
• Natural light and fresh air
• Comfortable seating (not so comfortable they fall asleep)
• Opportunity for people to talk to each other (send calming signals)
• Humour, warmth, etc. in your presentation
• Room setup is not adversarial / confrontational– U shape with audience behind tables
• Find valid reasons for people to move during the presentation
• ’If the bum is numb, the brain is the same’ – increase blood flow to brain,
increases attentiveness
• Put handouts at the back of the room to collect at an opportune time
• Setup small group discussions in a different part of the room
• Choose productive words and phrases to keep the mood positive and avoid using
redundant words
• Presenters using negative words drag their audience down without realizing it
• Waffle is another way to drag down the audience, the more simple and precise the
language, the more change your audience will understand your message
• Use clear and concise language without extraneous words to fill awkward silence
• Avoid buzzwords, slogans, motherhood statements – they triviliaze your message
• Ask low risk questions that have more than one answer – don’t play guessing games
where the audience is likely to lose
• Give audience some control over their destiny – makes them feel like they are part of
the presentation and not subject to the presentation (avoids us vs them)
• If you treat audience like teenagers then they will behave that way
• How (if appropriate):
• Let them sit where they want to (don’t place name cards in advance)
• Let them decide how long the presentation goes for
• Let them set order of the agenda and add agenda items
• Let them choose timing and frequency of breaks
• Ask questions when they want to rather than end
Difference
• Do something different to what audience expects to capture and maintain their
• Surprise / intrigue demands attention and allows you to wake up the audience when
they are zoned out, this gives you an opportunity to begin an effective presentation;
a unique presentation is a memorable one
• Start with a story not an agenda
• Don’t do ‘ground rules’
• Use an intriguing visual aid
• Do something creative
Transformational
Presentations
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoD8RMq2OkU.
Transformation
Of all the advice you have heard, what has
resonated the most with you?
How might you incorporate this advice in your
presentations?
Non-verbal
expression
• The polished advertisement:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=M7FIvfx5J10
• Behind the scenes:
• https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=oG2tO_BcncI
Diversity in Learning Outcome
Presentations
Know the Audience!
Speak their language
Visual Aids
Delivering Presentations
• Speaking Confidently
• Overcoming apprehension and the fear of public
• Many of these butterflies are overcome with
exhaustive preparation
• Start sentences with confidence (avoid saying ‘um’)
• Appropriate attire for occasion
Delivering Presentations
} Voice tone & Pace
} Monotone
} Reading vs. speaking
} Breathing & projection
} Take a deep breath before you start
} Nervousness can make you speak quickly (so slow down)
} Pace & Pausing & Tempo
} Voice warm ups
} Gestures & Movement
} Have you rehearsed with the slides?
} Emotion & Language
} If your English isn’t strong then use brief points and focus on important
Handling Questions
• Do you discourage questions until the end of the presentation? Why?
• What if the question is dealt with in a later slide?
• Are there circumstances when questions should be held at the end of the
presentation?
} Distills complex data to support this message
} Engage audience in your narrative!
Basic Elevator
Presentation
(Impromptu)
} Key Purpose: Persuade your audience!
} Timeframe: Approximately 1- 3 minutes
} One clear message
Post an Elevator Pitch!
• Scenario
• You are an IT professional working in a prestigious firm
• You’ve heard a new opportunity for a manger role has become available and you
want that role
• You’ve tried to talk to your boss but he/she has not responded to your messages
• Its 7am on a Monday morning and your Boss steps into the coffee room
• It is just you and the Boss
• You have maybe 3 to 5 minutes to use this time to pitch for the manager role
What did we learn?
• How (not) to give a presentation
• How to think about a presentation
• How to prepare for a presentation
• How to design a presentation
• The impact and outcome of a presentation
• Types of presentations
References
• Project IDEA (2017, May 16). Good Presentation VS Bad Presentation.
Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8eLdbKXGzk.
Accessed 5 July, 2022.
• TEDx Talks (2020, Jan 29). The 3 Magic Ingredients of Amazing
Presentations. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoD8RMq2OkU. Accessed 5 July,
• ANU (n.d.). Structuring your presentation. Retrieved from
https://www.anu.edu.au/students/academic-skills/writing-
assessment/presentations/structuring-your-presentation. Accessed
17 July, 2022.
https://www.anu.edu.au/students/academic-skills/writing-assessment/presentations/structuring-your-presentation
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