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[Content_Types].xml
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Divider slide title – Arial Bold 36pt Subtitle – Arial 28pt
Divider slide title – Arial Bold 36pt Subtitle – Arial 28pt
Divider slide title – Arial Bold 36pt Subtitle – Arial 28pt
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Name, Department
Title and visual content – add slide title here Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Subtitle Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease. Name, Department
Title and visual content – add slide title here Quote text goes here – Georgia 40pt Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease. Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Subtitle Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease. Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Use this slide to showcase key facts and figures by editing the text in these boxes. Options with less boxes are also available in under the ’Layouts’ button. 1 in 5 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet 75% Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet £2m Lorem ipsum Dolor sit amet Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Use this slide to showcase key facts and figures by editing the text in these boxes. Options with more boxes are also available in under the ’Layouts’ button. 1 in 5 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet £2m Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet Name, Department
Click to edit Master text styles Title and visual content – add slide title here Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Drag and drop an image onto this slide or click the picture icon to select an image. You can find our imagebank here: www.nottingham.ac.uk / imagebank Name, Department
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Drag and drop an image onto this slide or click the picture icon to select an image. You can find our imagebank here: www.nottingham.ac.uk / imagebank Name, Department
Title and visual content – add slide title here Drag and drop an image onto this slide or click the picture icon to select an image. You can find our imagebank here: www.nottingham.ac.uk / imagebank Name, Department
End slide questions?
End slide questions?
Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Name, Department All items on these slides are editable. You can change the colour , outline and size easily as you do with other PowerPoint shapes.
Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Name, Department All items on these slides are editable. You can change the colour , outline and size easily as you do with other PowerPoint shapes.
Name, Department
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add partner logo here if required Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt Use the ‘ ’ or ‘Layout’ buttons for different cover slide options.
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Add partner logo here if required Add presentation title – Arial 32pt Add presenter name or subtitle – Arial 24pt
Divider slide title – Arial Bold 36pt Subtitle – Arial 28pt Use the ‘ ’ or ‘Layout’ buttons for different divider slide options.
Divider slide title – Arial Bold 36pt Subtitle – Arial 28pt
Divider slide title – Arial Bold 36pt Subtitle – Arial 28pt
Use the ‘ ’ or ‘Layout’ buttons for different slide content options. Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease. To change the information in the footer throughout the presentation go to ‘Insert’ > ‘Header and Footers’ and add in your Name an Department.
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table examples as well as different elements. Copy and paste these items onto this page.
Name, Department Title and visual content – add slide title here
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Subtitle Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease. Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease.
Name, Department Title and visual content – add slide title here Quote text goes here – Georgia 40pt Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease.
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Subtitle Please see slides at the end of this template for chart and table style guides. Copy and paste these items onto this page for ease.
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Use this slide to showcase key facts and figures by editing the text in these boxes. Options with less boxes are also available in under the ’Layouts’ button. 1 in 5 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet 75% Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet £2m Lorem ipsum Dolor sit amet
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Use this slide to showcase key facts and figures by editing the text in these boxes. Options with more boxes are also available in under the ’Layouts’ button. 1 in 5 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet £2m Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
Click to edit Master text styles Name, Department Title and visual content – add slide title here Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle Drag and drop an image onto this slide or click the picture icon to select an image. You can find our imagebank here: www.nottingham.ac.uk / imagebank
Name, Department Title and visual content – add slide title here Drag and drop an image onto this slide or click the picture icon to select an image. You can find our imagebank here: www.nottingham.ac.uk / imagebank
Name, Department
Name, Department
End slide Questions?
End slide Questions?
Name, Department Body text – Arial 28pt Second text – Arial 28pt Third text – Arial 28pt Title and visual content – add slide title here Subtitle
Name, Department Top Presentation Tips Keep it simple Always think about your audience Limit transitions and animations Respect the University of Nottingham brand and identity Use visuals and high-quality images Use video or audio Use colour Think about Prepare and practice
EEEE4115 Advanced Computational Engineering Introduction to GPU Programming with CUDA ®
The University of Nottingham Your Department Name etc
The GPU is seen as a ‘compute device’ to execute all or part of an application that: Can be isolated as a function Has to be executed many times Is highly data parallel Is lightweight The function when compiled to run on the ‘device’ is called a ‘Kernel’ NVIDIA’s CUDA: A Recap CUDA Programming Model
Allocate memory on device Allocated by cudaMalloc () Copy input arrays from host to device memory cudaMemcpy () Execute kernel(s) on the device kernel <<< block size, number of blocks, shared memory size >>>(parameters); Copy output arrays from device to host cudaMemcpy () NVIDIA’s CUDA: A Recap CUDA Programming Model
Each thread has a unique local index. Each block has a unique local index. These indices can be used to index data in arrays NVIDIA’s CUDA: A Recap Thread/Block Model
NVIDIA’s CUDA: A Recap Thread/Block Model int data [10] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20} creates: 4 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 data 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to select i th element: kernel <<<1,10>>>: int i = threadIdx.x ; do something with data[ i ]; kernel <<<10,1>>>: int i = blockIdx.x ; do something with data[ i ]; kernel <<<2,5>>>: int i = blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x ; do something with data[ i ]; (kernel <<
NVIDIA’s CUDA: A Recap a[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,…} (number of elements = int length ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a: CPU code to access elements of a[] : void foo ( int *a, int *b) { for ( int i =0; i < length ;i ++){ b[ i ] = a[ i ]; } } NVIDIA’s CUDA: A Recap a[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,…} (number of elements = int length ) GPU code to access elements of a[] using block of threads: __global__ void foo( int *a, int *b) { int index = threadIdx.x ; //unique thread ID if (index < length ) b[index] = a[index]; } Remember, max. number of threads = 512 or 1024 (hardware dependant) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a: thread no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 block no 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a: a[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,…} (number of elements = int length ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a: GPU code to access elements of a[] using blocks of single threads: __global__ void foo( int *a, int *b) { int index = blockIdx.x ; //unique block ID if (index < length ) b[index] = a[index]; } Remember, max. number of blocks = 65535 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a: block no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 thread no. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,…} (number of elements = int length ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a: GPU code to access elements of a[] using blocks of n threads: e.g. n = 3: __global__ void foo( int *a, int *b) { int index = threadIdx.x+blockIdx.x * blockDim.x ; if (index < length ) b[index] = a[index]; } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 block no 1 block no 2 block no 3 ….. a: thread no. 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Example: Computing Illustrating memory types 3 tier reduction: Every thread adds a number of terms The first thread in each block adds all results from the block The CPU does the remaining reductions 3 types of memory Each thread uses private memory to store their partial results The first thread of a block needs access to all results in the block using shared memory The block totals need to by copied to CPU global memory Computing Approach Computing - Device Code allocate work to each thread each thread calculates their contribution to overall approximation wait for all threads to finish calculate sum of contributions from threads in each block Computing - Host Code CUDA error type assign total amount of work per thread/block allocate memory on device, copy arrays and check for errors call kernel copy sums from each block sum all Example: Computational Electromagnetics Porting the 1D TLM Algorithm to CUDA Transmission Line Method Founded and developed within the University for over 40 years Time domain method for the computation of electromagnetic fields Problems are discretised in time and space The computational domain being broken down into a mesh of transmission line segments connected at ‘nodes’ Extremely powerful and underpins the simulation strategies employed commercial software TLM Example: Aircraft Radome TLM Example: Aircraft Radome 1D TLM Algorithm The Algorithm - Consider a line in free space i.e. a wire. Problem space subdivided into N equal sections (nodes) . Simulation is then run for a total time T, over a number of time steps of ∆t.