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Knowledge Sharing:”MongoDB”, BY: “Mg Kyaing(PID department)” }

What is NoSQL?

 Schema-less
 Capability to handle semi-structured, and unstructured
 No need of ORM
 Ease of scale-out
 High Availability

 SQL vs NoSQL: High-Level Differences
 SQL databases are primarily called as Relational Databases (RDBMS); whereas
NoSQL database are primarily called as non-relational or distributed database.
 SQL databases are table based databases whereas NoSQL databases are document based, key-value pairs, graph databases or wide-column stores.
 SQL databases have predefined schema whereas NoSQL databases have dynamic schema for unstructured data.
 SQL databases are vertically scalable whereas the NoSQL databases are horizontally scalable.
 SQL databases are scaled by increasing the horse-power of the hardware. NoSQL databases are scaled by increasing the databases servers in the pool of resources to reduce the load.
 SQL databases uses SQL ( structured query language ) for defining and manipulating the data, which is very powerful. In NoSQL database, queries are focused on collection of documents. Sometimes it is also called as UnQL (Unstructured Query Language). The syntax of using UnQL varies from database to database.

 SQL vs NoSQL: High-Level Differences
 For complex queries: SQL databases are good fit for the complex query intensive environment
whereas NoSQL databases are not good fit for complex queries.
 For the type of data to be stored: SQL databases are not best fit for hierarchical data storage.
But, NoSQL database fits better for the hierarchical data storage as it follows the key-value pair
way of storing data similar to JSON data. NoSQL database are highly preferred for large data set (i.e for big data).
 For scalability: In most typical situations, SQL databases are vertically scalable. You can manage increasing load by increasing the CPU, RAM, SSD, etc, on a single server. On the other hand, NoSQL databases are horizontally scalable.
 For properties: SQL databases emphasizes on ACID properties ( Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability) whereas the NoSQL database follows the Brewers CAP theorem ( Consistency, Availability and Partition tolerance )

NOSQL:4 TYPE OF NOSQL DATABASES
 Key-Value pair  Documents
 Column family  Graph

AVAILABLE DBMS
Key/ Value
Column – Family

 What is MongoDB?
 MongoDB (from “humongous”)is a document-based open-source database. MongoDB is a leading NoSQL
database. It provides high performance, high availability, auto sharding and automatic scaling. MongoDB database is written mainly in C++ . It’s drivers and client libraries are typically written in their respective languages, although some drivers use C extensions for better performance. MongoDB differs from relational databases because it is a schema-less database. Such databases usually have lower transaction safety but are faster in accessing data and scale better than relational databases.
History of MongoDB
MongoDB was developed in October 2007 by a based organization 10gen that is now called MongoDB Inc. It is written is C , C++ and JavaScript. MongoDB is developed as a Platform as a Service (PAAS) initially. In 2009 MongoDB was introduced as an open-source database server. MongoDB provides backend services to many websites and to other services. For examle, eBay, Foursquare , Viacom, Craigslist and the Times.

 AdvantagesofMongoDBoverRDBMS
 Schemaless:MongoDBisdocumentdatabaseinwhichonecollectionholds different different documents. Number of fields, content and size of the document can be differ from one document to another.
 Structure of a single object is clear
 Nocomplexjoins
 Deepquery-ability.MongoDBsupportsdynamicqueriesondocumentsusing a document-based query language that’s nearly as powerful as SQL
 Ease of scale-out: MongoDB is easy to scale
 Conversion / mapping of application objects to database objects not needed
 Usesinternalmemoryforstoringthe(windowed)workingset,enablingfaster access of data

 WhyshoulduseMongoDB?
 Document Oriented Storage : Data is stored in the form of JSON style
 Indexonanyattribute
 Replication & High Availability
 Auto-Sharding
 Rich Queries
 Fast In-Place Updates
 ProfessionalSupportByMongoDB
 WhereshoulduseMongoDB?
 Big Data
 ContentManagementandDelivery
 MobileandSocialInfrastructure
 User Data Management
 Data Hub

The following table presents the various SQL terminology and concepts and the corresponding MongoDB terminology and concepts
SQL Terms/Concepts
MongoDB Terms/Concepts
Collection
document or BSON document
Table joins
Embedded documents and linking
Primary key
Primary key
Specify any unique column or column combination as primary key
The primary key is automatically set to the _id field.

DataBase Server and Client between MySQL,Oracle,Informax,DB2
Database Server

DB2 Server
Database Client

DB2 Client

SQL Schema Statements
MongoDB Schema Statements
CREATE TABLE users ( id MEDIUMINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, user_id Varchar(30), age Number, status char(1), PRIMARY KEY (id) )
Implicitly created on first insert() operation. The primary key _id is automatically added if _id field is not specified.
db.users.insert( { user_id: “abc123”, age: 55, status: “A” } ) ; However, you can also explicitly create a collection: db.createCollection(“users”) ;
ALTER TABLE users ADD join_date DATETIME
Collections do not describe or enforce the structure of its documents; i.e. there is no structural alteration at the collection level.
However, at the document level, update() operations can add fields to existing documents using the $set operator.
db.users.update( { }, { $set: { join_date: new Date() } }, { multi: true } )
ALTER TABLE users DROP COLUMN join_date
Collections do not describe or enforce the structure of its documents; i.e. there is no structural alteration at the collection level.
However, at the document level, update() operations can remove fields from documents using the $unset operator.
db.users.update( { }, { $unset: { join_date: “” } }, { multi: true } )
CREATE INDEX idx_user_id_asc ON users(user_id)
db.users.createIndex( { user_id: 1 } )
CREATE INDEX idx_user_id_asc_age_desc ON users(user_id, age DESC)
db.users.createIndex( { user_id: 1, age: -1 } )
DROP TABLE users
db.users.drop()

SQL Insert Statement
MongoDB Insert Statement
INSERT INTO users(user_id, age, status) VALUES (“bcd001”, 45, “A”)
db.users.insert( { user_id: “bcd001”, age: 45, status: “A” })
SQL SELECT Statements
MongoDB Find() Statements
SELECT * FROM users;
db.users.find();
SELECT id, user_id, status FROM users;
b.users.find( { }, { user_id: 1, status: 1 } ) ;
SELECT user_id, status FROM users;
db.users.find( { }, { user_id: 1, status: 1, _id: 0 } );
SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = “A”
db.users.find( { status: “A” } )
SELECT user_id, status FROM users WHERE status = “A”
db.users.find( { status: “A” }, { user_id: 1, status: 1, _id: 0})
SELECT * FROM users WHERE status != “A”
db.users.find( { status: { $ne: “A” } } )
SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = “A” AND age = 50
db.users.find( { status: “A”, age: 50 } )
SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = “A” OR age = 50
db.users.find( { $or: [ { status: “A” } , { age: 50 } ] } )
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25
db.users.find( { age: { $gt: 25 } } )
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age < 25 db.users.find( { age: { $lt: 25 } } ) SQL SELECT Statements MongoDB find() statements SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25 AND age <= 50 db.users.find( { age: { $gt: 25, $lte: 50 } } ) SELECT * FROM users WHERE user_id like "%bc%" db.users.find( { user_id: /bc/ } ) SELECT * FROM users WHERE user_id like "bc%" db.users.find( { user_id: /^bc/ } ) SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = "A" ORDER BY user_id ASC db.users.find( { status: "A" } ).sort( { user_id: 1 } ) SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = "A" ORDER BY user_id DESC db.users.find( { status: "A" } ).sort( { user_id: -1 } ) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users db.users.count() db.users.find().count() SELECT COUNT(user_id) FROM users db.users.count( { user_id: { $exists: true } } ) db.users.find( { user_id: { $exists: true } } ).count() SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE age > 30
db.users.count( { age: { $gt: 30 } } )
db.users.find( { age: { $gt: 30 } } ).count()

SQL SELECT Statements
MongoDB find Statements
SELECT DISTINCT(status) FROM users
db.users.distinct( “status” )
SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 1
db.users.findOne()
db.users.find().limit(1)
SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 5 SKIP 10
db.users.find().limit(5).skip(10)
EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = “A”
db.users.find( { status: “A” } ).explain()

SQL UPDATE Statements
MongoDB Update Statements
UPDATE users SET status = “C” WHERE age > 25
db.users.update( { age: { $gt: 25 } }, { $set: { status: “C” } }, { multi: true } )
UPDATE users SET age = age + 3 WHERE status = “A”
db.users.update( { status: “A” } , { $inc: { age: 3 } }, { multi: true } )
UPDATE users SET status=“D”,age=10 WHERE status=“A”
db.users.update({status:”A”},{$set:{status:”D”,age:10} });
SQL DELETE Statements
MongoDB remove Statements
DELETE FROM users WHERE status = “D”
db.users.remove( { status: “D” } )
DELETE FROM users
db.users.remove({})

BSON supports the followng data types as values in documents.
Each data type has a corresponding number and string alias that can be used with the $type operator to query documents by BSON type.
Binary data
“undefined”
Deprecated
“objected”
Regular Expression
“dbPinter”
JavaScript
“javascript”
JavaScript(with scope)
“javascriptWithScope”
32-bit integer
“timestamp”
64-bit integer

C R U D in M O N G O D B
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/crud/

mongoDB Shell Methods
db.collection.aggregate()
db.collection.dataSize()
db.colletion.deleteOne()
db.collection.deleteMany()
db.collection.distinct()
db.collection.drop()
db.collection.dropIndex()
db.collection.dropIndexes()
And much and more ……………………………………………….
Returns the size of the collection. Wraps the size field in the output of the collStats
Deletes a single document in a collection
Deletes multiple documents in a collection.
Returns an array of documents that have distinct values for the specified field
Removes the specified collection from the database
Removes a specified index on a collection
Removes all indexes on a collection
Command Helpers
db.collection.bulkWrite()
Provides access to the aggregation pipeline
Provides bulk write operation functionality.
Show profile
Show.databases
db.cloneDatabase
db.repaireDatabase()
Show help for database method
db.collection.count()
db.collection.copyTo()
db.collection.createIndex()
Wraps count to return a count of the number of documents in a collection or matching a query.
Deprecated. Wraps eval to copy data between collections in a single MongoDB instance
Builds an index on a collection
db.collection.help()
Show collections
Show users
Show roles
Show help on collection methods
Print a list of all databases on Server
Switch current database
Print a list of all collection for current db
Print a list of all users for current db.
Print a list of all roles,both user-defined and built-in for current db
Print the five most recent operations that took 1 millisecond or more
Print a list of all available databases
If running in secure mode, authenticate the user
Clone the current database from the specified. The database instance must be in noauth mode.
Repair and compact the current database. This operation can be very slow on large databases
db.copyDatabase(, , )
And much and more ………………………………………..
Copy the database from the to the database on the current server
Access the mongo Shell And Command Helpers
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/

Let’s see CRUD,find,Sort Operations with me
Use EmployeeDB;//Create the databae(EmployeeDB) using “use” command db.Employee.insert({
Employeeid:1,
EmployeeName:” ”, PhoneNo:{HandPhone:099562365412,HomePhone:0126541230,OfficePhone:01652315} });//Create a collection(Employee) using insert() command
Var objemp=[{ Employeeid:2, EmployeeName:”Marry”}, {
Employeeid:3,
EmployeeName:”Steave:},
{Employeeid:4
EmployeeName:”akog02”}];
db.Employee.insert(objemp);//Adding an array of documents using insert() command

db.Employee.find().forEach(printjson); or db.Employee.find().pretty();//show the EmployeeCollection. ================================
db.Employee.find({});//show all of the EmployeeCollection. ================================ db.Employee.find({EmployeeName:”smith”}).foreach(printjson);//show by EmployeeName is Smith. ================================ db.Employe.find({Employeeid:{$gt:2}}).forEach(printjson);//show by Employeeid is greator than 2. ================================
var myEmployee = db.Employee.find( { Employeeid : { $gt:2 }}); while(myEmployee.hasNext())
print(tojson(myCursor.next()));
=================================== db.Employee.update( {Employeeid:1}{$set:{EmployeeName:” ”}} );//Update Document using update() =================================== db.Employee.update( {Employeeid:2},{$set:{EmployeeName:”Mory”,Employeeid:33}} );//Updating Multiple Values using update()

db.Employee.find().limit(2).forEach(printjson); db.Empooyee.find().sort({Employeeid:-1}).forEach(printjson);//Sort by the descending order of Employee id db.Employee.count();
db.Employee.remove({Employeeid:1});
db.Employee.find({
$or:[{Employeeid:2},{EmployeeName:” ”}
});//OR Operator
db.Employee.find(
Employeeid:1,EmployeeName:” ”
});// AND Operator
db.Employee.find({},Employeeid:1);//only show the Employee id BSON DOC db.Employee.find({Employeeid /2/});// same LIKE Operator in RDBMS
db.Employee.find().limit(10);
db.Employee.find().skip(2).limit(1);
// specify the search criteria
db.Employee.find({EmployeeName:{$regx:”jon”}}).forEach(printjson); or db.Employee.find({EmployeeName:{$regx:”jon”}}).pretty();
//specify the extrace text match
db.Employee.find({EmployeeName:{$regx:”^jon$”}}).pretty();

https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/
http://www.guru99.com/mongodb-tutorials.html
http://www.tutorialspoint.com
http://www.mongovue.com/(type:commercial,platform:windows only)
http://mongobooster.com
https://robomongo.org/(type:free,platform:windows,linux,mac)
http://www.mongodbmanager.com
https://github.com/bububa/mongohub(type:free,platform:mac) https://github.com/iwind/rockmongo(type:browserbased) http://edgytech.com/umongo/(type:free,platform:windows,linux,mac osx) http://edgytech.com/umongo/(type:commercial,platform:android) http://3t.io/mongochef/download/core/platform/(type:free,commercial,platform:windows,mac,linux)

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