1. In modern computer systems, the separation of virtual space and physical space is generally achieved. Programs run in virtual space, and addresses in virtual space are converted into addresses in physical space through address translation. Please answer:
1. How does the paging system performs address translation? How does the segmentation system perform address translation? How does the segment page system perform address translation?
2. In a paging system, what mechanism is used in modern processors to improve the performance of address mapping?
3. In a paging system, what mechanism is used in modern processors to reduce the amount of memory required to store page tables?
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2. Please discuss how page faults are handled in modern computer systems? How is it different from an interruption caused by an external device After the page fault interrupt returns, why does it cause the current instruction to be executed again? What is the relationship between page fault handling and page replacement algorithm? Please list a few page replacement algorithms you know.
3. What is a device driver? Why in modern operating systems, a device can only be used if the device driver is installed? In the Linux operating system, what is the relationship between the mknod command and the device driver? When the ls-l command lists files, what is the meaning of the major and minor device numbers listed?
4. In the Windows series operating systems, support for multiple file systems is realized through drive letters (A: Disk, B: Disk, C Disk, …), etc. Please answer how multiple file systems are supported in various UNIX-like operating systems? Why can’t the root directory of UNIX be unmounted (umount)? What is the meaning of file hard links and symbolic links in UNIX-like operating systems? When the ls-l command lists files, what is the meaning of the number of file connections listed?
5. In the classic Unix operating system, the metadata of the file is stored in the inode. Is the file directory information also stored in the inode? How to find the inode of the file based on the file path when opening the file? Why isn’t there a system function call to delete a file? How to delete files? What is the meaning of the file paths “.” and “..”?
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