single.dvi 29 Lock-based Concurrent Data Structures Before moving beyond locks, we’ll first describe how to use locks in some common data structures. Adding locks to a data structure to make it us- able by threads makes the structure thread safe. Of course, exactly how such locks are added determines both the correctness and performance of […]
single.dvi 41 Locality and The Fast File System When the UNIX operating system was first introduced, the UNIX wizard himself Ken Thompson wrote the first file system. Let’s call that the “old UNIX file system”, and it was really simple. Basically, its data structures looked like this on the disk: S Inodes Data The super
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single.dvi 40 File System Implementation In this chapter, we introduce a simple file system implementation, known as vsfs (the Very Simple File System). This file system is a simplified version of a typical UNIX file system and thus serves to introduce some of the basic on-disk structures, access methods, and various policies that you will
single.dvi 42 Crash Consistency: FSCK and Journaling As we’ve seen thus far, the file system manages a set of data structures to implement the expected abstractions: files, directories, and all of the other metadata needed to support the basic abstraction that we expect from a file system. Unlike most data structures (for example, those found
single.dvi 26 Concurrency: An Introduction Thus far, we have seen the development of the basic abstractions that the OS performs. We have seen how to take a single physical CPU and turn it into multiple virtual CPUs, thus enabling the illusion of multiple pro- grams running at the same time. We have also seen how
single.dvi 37 Hard Disk Drives The last chapter introduced the general concept of an I/O device and showed you how the OS might interact with such a beast. In this chapter, we dive into more detail about one device in particular: the hard disk drive. These drives have been the main form of persistent data
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single.dvi 55 Access Control Chapter by Peter Reiher (UCLA) 55.1 Introduction So we know what our security goals are, we have at least a general sense of the security policies we’d like to enforce, and we have some ev- idence about who is requesting various system services that might (or might not) violate our policies.
single.dvi 14 Interlude: Memory API In this interlude, we discuss the memory allocation interfaces in UNIX systems. The interfaces provided are quite simple, and hence the chapter is short and to the point1. The main problem we address is this: CRUX: HOW TO ALLOCATE AND MANAGE MEMORY In UNIX/C programs, understanding how to allocate and
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single.dvi 7 Scheduling: Introduction By now low-level mechanisms of running processes (e.g., context switch- ing) should be clear; if they are not, go back a chapter or two, and read the description of how that stuff works again. However, we have yet to un- derstand the high-level policies that an OS scheduler employs. We will
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single.dvi 50 The Andrew File System (AFS) The Andrew File System was introduced at Carnegie-Mellon University (CMU) 1 in the 1980’s [H+88]. Led by the well-known Professor M. Satya- narayanan of Carnegie-Mellon University (“Satya” for short), the main goal of this project was simple: scale. Specifically, how can one design a distributed file system such
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