Recall:The two-level page table Physical Page # Physical Address: Virtual P1 index Copyright By PowCoder代写 加微信 powcoder Virtual P2 index Virtual Address: PageTablePtr • Tree of Page Tables – “Magic” 10b-10b-12b pattern! • Tables fixed size (1024 entries) – On context-switch: save single PageTablePtr register (i.e. CR3) • Valid bits on Page Table Entries – […]
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Floating Point Outline • Review from last time • Integer multiplication & division • FP add/sub • FP on MIPS • Special “numbers” • Rounding IEEE 754 Floating Point Review • Summary (single precision): 3130 2322 0 1 bit 8 bits 23 bits • (-1)S x (1 + Significand) x 2(Exponent-127) • Double precision identical,
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6 – sequential logic 2 Jan. 27, 2016 Today I will finish off our discussion of registers, and then move on to discuss larger memories. T flip-flop (toggle) The circuit below on the left shows a D flip-flop, such that the data input D comes from the complement of the stored value Q. At every
Machine Structures Caches, Part I Outline °Memory Hierarchy °Direct-Mapped Cache °Types of Cache Misses ° A (long) detailed example Memory Hierarchy (1/4) ° Processor • executes programs • runs on order of nanoseconds to picoseconds • needs to access code and data for programs: where are these? ° Disk • HUGE capacity (virtually limitless) •
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Procedures Overview °C Functions °MIPS Instructions for Procedures °The Stack °Register Conventions °Another Example C functions main() { int i,j,k,m; i = mult(j,k); … m = mult(i,i); … } What information must ;compiler/programmer keep track of? /* really dumb mult function */ int mult (int mcand, int mlier){ int product; product = 0; while (mlier
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CSCI-2500 Group Project: Instruction Pipeline and Cache (IPLC) Simulator Christopher D. Carothers Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy, New York U.S.A. 12180-3590 November 20, 2020 DUE DATE: 11:59 p.m., Wednesday, December 9th, 2020 1 Overview For this GROUP assignment (upto 4 students per team as before) you will be implementing
CSCI-2500: Computer Organization Chapter 4: The Processor Also see: Multicycle-Implementation.pdf in Course Materials. That was taken from a previous edition of the textbook. Datapath n The datapath is the interconnection of the components that make up the processor. n The datapath must provide connections for moving bits between memory, registers and the ALU. CSCI-2500 FALL
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Instruction Representation Review (1/2) °Logical and Shift Instructions • Operate on bits individually, unlike arithmetic, which operate on entire word. • Use to isolate fields, either by masking or by shifting back and forth. • Use shift left logical, sll,for multiplication by powers of 2 • shift right arithmetic, sra, close but wrong for divide
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Caches, Part II Review °We would like to have the capacity of disk at the speed of the processor: unfortunately this is not feasible. °So we create a memory hierarchy: • each successively lower level contains “most used” data from next lower level • exploits temporal locality • do the common case fast, worry less
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Decisions in C / Assembly Language Review (1/2) °In MIPS Assembly Language: • Registers replace C variables • One Instruction (simple operation) per line • Simpler is Better • Smaller is Faster ° Memory is byte-addressable, but lw and sw access one word at a time. ° A pointer (used by lw and sw) is
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