Floating Point Outline • Review from last time • Integer multiplication & division • FP add/sub • FP on MIPS • Special “numbers” • Rounding IEEE 754 Floating Point Review • Summary (single precision): 3130 2322 0 1 bit 8 bits 23 bits • (-1)S x (1 + Significand) x 2(Exponent-127) • Double precision identical, […]
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6 – sequential logic 2 Jan. 27, 2016 Today I will finish off our discussion of registers, and then move on to discuss larger memories. T flip-flop (toggle) The circuit below on the left shows a D flip-flop, such that the data input D comes from the complement of the stored value Q. At every
Procedures Overview °C Functions °MIPS Instructions for Procedures °The Stack °Register Conventions °Another Example C functions main() { int i,j,k,m; i = mult(j,k); … m = mult(i,i); … } What information must ;compiler/programmer keep track of? /* really dumb mult function */ int mult (int mcand, int mlier){ int product; product = 0; while (mlier
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CS COMP-273: Sample MidTerm Examination Student Name: Signature: Note: This is a closed book, closed notes examination. Be sure to read through the entire question sheet and to pace yourself accordingly. There are 3 questions CS COMP-273: Sample MidTerm Examination in all, with the third question being worth the most. No calculators are allowed. Make
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Instruction Representation Review (1/2) °Logical and Shift Instructions • Operate on bits individually, unlike arithmetic, which operate on entire word. • Use to isolate fields, either by masking or by shifting back and forth. • Use shift left logical, sll,for multiplication by powers of 2 • shift right arithmetic, sra, close but wrong for divide
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Decisions in C / Assembly Language Review (1/2) °In MIPS Assembly Language: • Registers replace C variables • One Instruction (simple operation) per line • Simpler is Better • Smaller is Faster ° Memory is byte-addressable, but lw and sw access one word at a time. ° A pointer (used by lw and sw) is
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CS Sample MidTerm Examination Student Name: Signature: CS COMP-273: Sample MidTerm Examination Question 1 (Digital Circuits). [30%] Your task is to design a digital circuit which implements a version of a shift logical left or Student Name: Signature: a shift logical right. Let A2,A1,A0 represent the 3 bits of a 3-bit register, where A2 is
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Instruction Representation 2 Review °MIPS defines instructions to be same size as data (one word) so that they can use the same memory (can use lw and sw). °Machine Language Instruction: 32 bits representing a single instruction R I opcode rs rt rd shamt funct opcode rs rt immediate °Computer actually stores programs as a
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5 – sequential logic 1 Jan. 25, 2016 Sequential Circuits All of the circuits that I have discussed up to now are combinational digital circuits. For these circuits, each output is a logical combination of the inputs. We have seen that these circuits can do arithmetic and other operations. But these circuits are not powerful
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C/Assembler Arithmetic and Memory Access Overview °C operators, operands °Variables in Assembly: Registers ° Addition and Subtraction in Assembly °Memory Access in Assembly Review C Operators/Operands °Operators:+,-,*, /,%(mod); •7/4==1, 7%4==3 ° Operands: • Variables: fahr, celsius • Constants: 0, 1000, -17, 15.4 °Assignment Statement: Variable = expression • Examples: celsius = 5*(fahr-32)/9; a = b+c+d-e;