OCaml Datatypes CSI 3120 Amy Felty University of Ottawa slides copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Author David Walker, updated by Amy Felty permission granted to reuse these slides for non-commercial educational purposes 2 OCaml So Far • We have seen a number of basic types: – int – float – char – string – bool […]
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Polymorphic Higher-Order Programming CSI 3120 Amy Felty University of Ottawa slides copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Author David Walker, updated by Amy Felty permission granted to reuse these slides for non-commercial educational purposes Some Design & Coding Rules • Laziness can be a really good force in design. • Never write the same code twice.
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Scope, Functions and Storage Management Mitchell Chapter 7 Implementing Programming Languages • In this chapter, storage management for block-structured languages is described by the run-time data structures that are used in a simple reference implementation. • Association between names in programs and memory locations is a key aspect. – Scope: allows two syntactically identical names
Simple Data CSI 3120 Amy Felty University of Ottawa slides copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Author David Walker, updated by Amy Felty permission granted to reuse these slides for non-commercial educational purposes 1 What is the single most important mathematical concept ever developed in human history? 2 What is the single most important mathematical concept
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Control in Sequential Languages Mitchell Chapter 8 Topics – “structured” jumps that may return a value • Exceptions – dynamic scoping of exception handler • Continuations – Function representing the rest of the program – Generalized form of tail recursion • Control of evaluation order (force and delay) – Can increase efficiency – Call-by-need parameter
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Concepts in Object-Oriented Languages Mitchell Chapter 10 History – Object concept used in simulation 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s • Simula • Smalltalk – Object-oriented design, systems • C++ – Adapted Simula ideas to C • Java – Distributed programming, internet 2 Varieties of Object-Oriented Languages • class-basedlanguages – behavior of object determined by its class
Introduction and Definitions Most programming languages describe computation in an imperative style. Some definitions from Wikipedia: Imperative Programming Imperative programs define sequences of commands for the computer to perform. A programming paradigm that describes computation in terms of statements that change a program state Declarative programming Declarative programs express what the program
Mutation CSI 3120 Amy Felty University of Ottawa slides copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Author David Walker, updated by Amy Felty permission granted to reuse these slides for non-commercial educational purposes mutable set immutable set Reasoning about Mutable State is Hard insert i s1; f x; member i s1 let s1 = insert i s0
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Thinking Inductively CSI 3120 Amy Felty University of Ottawa slides copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Author David Walker, updated by Amy Felty permission granted to reuse these slides for non-commercial educational purposes 2 Options A value v has type t option if it is either: – the value None, or – a value Some v’,
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Modules and Abstract Data Types CSI 3120 Amy Felty University of Ottawa slides copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Author David Walker, updated by Amy Felty permission granted to reuse these slides for non-commercial educational purposes The Reality of Development We rarely know the right algorithms or the right data structures when we start a design
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